What is diabetic retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy happens when frequently high blood sugar levels damage blood vessels in the retina, potentially leading them to leak or swell. They can also close, which prevents blood from passing through normally. In some cases, abnormal blood vessels develop on the retina. All of these issues can harm your vision. Many people with diabetes have diabetic retinopathy, which can lead to blindness if it progresses.
What is proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is an advanced stage of diabetic eye disease. The retina grows new blood vessels, which are fragile and likely to bleed. With mild bleeding, you may start seeing floaters. More severe bleeding can block your vision entirely. These vessels can also develop scar tissue, which can cause detachment of your retina or problems with the macula, or the yellowish area near the retina’s center.
How is diabetic retinopathy treated?
Treatment for diabetic retinopathy varies depending on the severity of your condition and your overall health. After a thorough exam and diagnosis, Dr. Levine may recommend one more of the following:
- Blood sugar control through dietary management and taking prescribed diabetes medications, as directed
- Medication to help minimize macula swelling, vision loss, and potentially improve vision
- Laser surgery to seal off leaky blood vessels for shrinkage and minimized swelling
- Vitrectomy, in which Dr. Levine removes blood and gel leaking from vessels in the back of the eye, thereby improving your ability to focus
How can I prevent vision loss from diabetic retinopathy?
If you have diabetes, controlling your blood sugar can stop vision loss and may even restore some lost vision, while promoting your overall health and the vitality of blood vessels in your eyes. The following can also help:
- Address any high blood pressure or kidney issues with your physician’s guidance
- See Dr. Levine routinely for eye exams to catch and obtain treatment for any problems early
- See Dr. Levine promptly if you notice shifts in the way one or both of your eyes see
- Stick to any recommended treatment for diabetic retinopathy for your best bet at preventing vision loss
