What Is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?
The leading cause of vision loss in older adults in the United States is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This condition leads to the deterioration—and potential loss—of central vision, making everyday tasks like reading and driving more difficult.
Risk Factors for Macular Degeneration
Several factors can contribute to the development of AMD. Some, like age and genetics, are beyond our control. However, other risk factors—such as smoking, poor diet, and excessive sunlight exposure—can be reduced through lifestyle changes.
Types of Macular Degeneration
Dry Macular Degeneration
The most common form of AMD is the “dry” type, which occurs due to progressive thinning (atrophy) and the accumulation of waste deposits (drusen) in the retina. Vision loss in dry macular degeneration tends to be gradual and usually remains mild to moderate.
Wet Macular Degeneration
Although less common, the “wet” form of AMD is far more serious. This type accounts for about 10% of cases but is responsible for the most severe vision loss. Wet AMD occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina, leading to leakage and bleeding that can rapidly damage central vision.
Prevention and Treatment
Researchers have explored ways to slow or prevent the progression of AMD. The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) found that certain vitamin supplements can help slow the advancement of macular degeneration in patients with moderate dry AMD or advanced disease in one eye. However, it is always important to consult a physician before starting any supplements.
Recognizing Early Symptoms
One of the first signs of wet macular degeneration is metamorphopsia (visual distortion). If you notice distortion in your vision, it is important to seek evaluation right away. Fluorescein angiography can be used to detect and locate abnormal blood vessel growth beneath the retina.
Protect Your Vision—Schedule an Evaluation
Early detection and expert care are essential in managing macular degeneration. If you are experiencing vision changes or have risk factors for AMD, schedule an appointment at Cliffside Eye Center today. Our team is here to provide expert diagnosis and guidance to help you protect your sight. Contact us now to learn more.
